What is a Septic Tank?

While it isn’t the more glamourous subject, understanding how a septic tank works is critical for homeowners to manage their wastewater effectively and efficiently.

A septic tank is an underground, watertight container, typically made out of concrete, plastic or fibreglass. Septic tanks are particularly effective on rural and remote properties.

What is a Septic Tank Used For?

A septic tank collects and treats household wastewater on your property. It uses a simple yet effective process to separate the solids from the liquids, breaking down harmful contaminants before releasing the treated water back into the environment.

How Does a Septic Tank Work?

After you flush the toilet, wastewater enters your septic tank and settles on the bottom of the tank. Storing household wastewater in the septic tank allows organic matter, oils and grease to separate from the water. Heavier solids sink to the bottom, forming a layer of sludge, while lighter solids and grease float to the surface as scum.

The Different Parts of a Septic Tank System

A septic tank may seem simple but it has a lot of complicated parts that all work together seamlessly. These components include:

Septic Tank: This is the main chamber of the septic system. Solid household waste settles here and using bacteria, is turned into effluent liquid.

Inlet and Outlet Pipes: Like the names suggest, the inlet pipe brings wastewater into the tank whereas the outlet pipe takes it away into absorption trenches or leach/drain fields

Absorption Trench: Also called leach fields or leach drains, absorption trenches are an integral part of your home’s septic system. These are shallow, gravel-filled trenches containing perforated pipes that disperse treated wastewater back into the surrounding soil. The soil works as a natural filter, removing any pathogens and impurities before the water meets the groundwater table.

Inspection Ports or Manholes: This is simply an access point used by you and experienced plumbers to see what’s going on in your septic tank.

Septic Tank Diagram

How Do Septic Tanks Work in Rural Areas?

Septic tanks are vital for rural areas without access to centralised sewage systems. They’re designed to work with different soil types, ensuring safe wastewater disposal and protecting water levels and groundwater.

How Do I Know If My Septic Tank Needs To Be Repaired?

Recognising the signs that your septic tank might require repairs or maintenance is important to preventing major breakdowns and expensive repairs. Here are some key warning signs to look out for:

Slow Drains
Foul sewage odours
Standing water and soggy areas
Strange gurgling sounds coming from your pipes
Sewage backups
You have noticed patches of grass that are growing excessively and only in one spot

Another thing to note is that to maintain peak performance, you need to get your septic tank inspected once every 12 months and pumped out at least every 2 - 5 years.

Benefits of Using Septic Tanks

Cost Effective: Septic tanks require minimal maintenance and last for a long time anywhere between 10 - 15 years. They also have relatively low running costs
Environmental Sustainability: Septic tanks use no harsh chemicals but instead use natural bacteria to help break down the household sewage
Health Benefits: Alongside managing your wastewater effectively, septic tanks help to protect your family from potential health hazards and contamination
Flexibility: Septic tanks can be used in various soil types and properties

If you want to install a new septic tank, repair or upgrade your current septic system, don’t hesitate to call our expert team on 1300 770 594 or fill out our online enquiry form.